American Literature CLEP Prep Practice Exam

Who is known as the "Father of Realism"?

1. Nathaniel Hawthorne

2. Henry David Thoreau

3. Mark Twain

4. William Dean Howells

The correct answer is: William Dean Howells

William Dean Howells is known as the "Father of Realism" because of his extensive contributions to the development of realistic fiction in American literature. He is known for his authentic portrayal of everyday life and ordinary people, focusing on the struggles and hardships of the working class. Option A, Nathaniel Hawthorne, is known for his romantic style of writing and is often associated with the transcendentalist movement, rather than realism. Option B, Henry David Thoreau, also belonged to the transcendentalist movement and is most well-known for his non-fiction work, "Walden", which is a reflection on living simply in nature. Option C, Mark Twain, is best known for his humorous and satirical writing style, which is not in line with the realistic genre. Therefore, the correct answer is D, William Dean Howells, who is recognized as the